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The trait that is most related to job performance is IQ, or Intelligence Quotient. IQ measures cognitive abilities, including reasoning, problem-solving, and the capacity to learn and adapt to new situations. These cognitive skills are often critical in various job roles, as they influence how effectively an individual can understand complex information, make decisions, and apply knowledge to real-world scenarios. Research has consistently shown a positive correlation between IQ and job performance across many fields, particularly in roles that require analytical thinking and technical skills.

While agreeableness, emotional intelligence, and extroversion can all play important roles in job performance, their influence varies significantly depending on the specific job context. For example, emotional intelligence is crucial in roles that require strong interpersonal skills and the ability to navigate social complexities, such as in leadership or team-based environments. Similarly, extroversion may benefit jobs involving sales or customer interaction, where social engagement is key. However, these traits do not universally correlate as strongly with overall job performance as IQ does. Therefore, when considering a broad range of professions and tasks, IQ remains the trait most closely linked to effective job performance.